Who is immune from civil or criminal liability when reporting an impaired professional?

The correct choice highlights the protections provided to healthcare facilities acting in good faith when reporting an impaired professional. Under Pennsylvania law, such facilities are granted immunity to encourage the reporting of potentially harmful situations without the fear of facing civil or criminal repercussions. This immunity is essential for promoting a culture of safety and accountability in healthcare settings, as it allows institutions to take necessary actions without the hesitation that may arise from potential legal consequences.

While other options may feature situations where some form of protection or confidentiality could apply, they do not clearly specify the same level of immunity granted in the context of a healthcare facility's responsibility to report. For example, while licensed psychologists have ethical obligations to report impairments, this does not inherently include broad immunity from liability. Similarly, anonymous reporters may not be protected because their anonymity can complicate investigations. Lastly, even though another psychologist in the same practice may wish to report an impairment, they are not automatically afforded immunity unless specific circumstances apply. Thus, this choice captures the essence of legal protection designed to foster reporting by designated entities in the healthcare system.