According to ethical guidelines, what must researchers do if a study imposes risks on participants?

Researchers have a crucial responsibility to protect the well-being of participants, especially when a study involves potential risks. When risks are present, ethical guidelines mandate that researchers seek ethical advice and implement necessary safeguards. This typically includes obtaining approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB) which evaluates the study's design, risk level, and the measures proposed to protect participants.

By consulting ethical guidelines and obtaining advice, researchers can ensure that they are adhering to the best practices for participant safety and that they have a well-thought-out plan to manage any potential harm. Implementing safeguards may involve informed consent, monitoring for adverse effects, and providing the option to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty. This protective approach not only respects the autonomy and rights of participants but also upholds the integrity of the research process.

Choosing to proceed without consultation or relying solely on instinct neglects the ethical frameworks designed to protect individuals and can lead to harmful consequences. Eliminating all participants at risk could unnecessarily compromise the study's validity and is not a plausible solution to managing risk. Thus, the correct course of action is not only expected but required by ethical research standards.